Kerberos delegation explained: unconstrained vs constrained vs resource-based delegation, TrustedForDelegation, how each is abused, and PowerShell commands to audit and harden delegation.
Why AD CS is a major attack surface: enterprise CAs, certificate templates, enrollment permissions and ESC-style misconfigurations, plus how to inventory, audit, harden and monitor your PKI.
How SMB authentication works, why SMB signing stops NTLM relay, and how to audit signing requirements across the fleet with PowerShell, then detect and harden.
How Active Directory uses LDAP and LDAPS, why unsigned binds and missing channel binding enable relay attacks, and how to audit domain controllers and enforce LDAP signing.
Understand the NTLM challenge-response protocol, NTLMv1 vs NTLMv2, Pass-the-Hash and NTLM relay, where NTLM still lives in the enterprise, and how to audit, detect and migrate away from it.
A deep dive into Kerberos authentication in Active Directory: AS-REQ/AS-REP, TGT/TGS, SPNs, delegation, Kerberoasting and AS-REP roasting, plus detection, auditing and hardening.
TryHackMe (THM) and Hack The Box (HTB) are the two giants of hands-on cybersecurity training. Beginners constantly ask which to
This Nmap cheat sheet gives you the commands you actually use during a pentest, a CTF or a network audit:
The OWASP Top 10 is the best-known list of the most critical security risks in web applications. The latest edition,
Once you land on a Linux system as a low-privilege user, the next goal is usually root. Privilege escalation is